Human Movement, Captured by a 'Very Clear' Mathematical Law

The "universal visitation law of human mobility" documented in a newly published study in Nature offers predictive power for urban mobility in addition to empirical validation of Central Place Theory.

2 minute read

June 3, 2021, 6:00 AM PDT

By James Brasuell @CasualBrasuell


Interior of taxi with driver in Buenos Aires, Argentina

https://www.flickr.com/people/flissphil/ / A Buenos Aires taxi ride.

A study published last week in Nature reveals a "universal visitation law of human mobility" that could enable new ways to predict the way people move in and around cities all over the globe.

An article by Becky Ferreira shares news of the study led by researchers at MIT’s Senseable City Laboratory, who spent years tapping into anonymized mobile phone data in seven cities representing four continents: Greater Boston, USA; Singapore; Dakar, Senegal; Abidjan, Ivory Coast; and the Portuguese cities of Lisbon, Porto and Braga. 

According to Ferreira's explanation, previous mobility research has overlooked "frequency of visitation," which proved to be the key to the advancement in the recent study, namely, the discovery of a "very clear" mathematical law that offers a universal visitation law of human mobility.

Ferreira summarizes the finding thusly:

Despite the dazzlingly distinct skylines, demographics, and characters of the studied cities, the researchers found that their residents and visitors all adhered to this universal visitation law, as described in the study: “the number of visitors to any location decreases as the inverse square of the product of their visiting frequency and travel distance.” 

Of tremendous relevance to planners, "the new approach can provide more accurate predictions about all kinds of urban exchanges and encounters." 

Ferreira also reports another consequences of the study's discover of the universal visitation law of human mobility: "The new law also provides empirical validation for established theories about human mobility such as the Central Place Theory, which suggests that people visit the closest possible location for their needs or wants, leading to distinct clusters within settlements." 

Wednesday, May 26, 2021 in Vice

Portland Bus Lane

‘Forward Together’ Bus System Redesign Rolling Out in Portland

Portland is redesigning its bus system to respond to the changing patterns of the post-pandemic world—with twin goals of increasing ridership and improving equity.

August 30, 2023 - Mass Transit

An aerial view of Milwaukee’s Third Ward.

Plan to Potentially Remove Downtown Milwaukee’s Interstate Faces Public Scrutiny

The public is weighing in on a suite of options for repairing, replacing, or removing Interstate 794 in downtown Milwaukee.

August 27, 2023 - Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

Conceptual rendering of Rikers Island redevelopment as renewable energy facility

Can New York City Go Green Without Renewable Rikers?

New York City’s bold proposal to close the jail on Rikers Island and replace it with green infrastructure is in jeopardy. Will this compromise the city’s ambitious climate goals?

August 24, 2023 - Mark McNulty

A rendering of the Utah City master planned, mixed-use development.

700-Acre Master-Planned Community Planned in Utah

A massive development plan is taking shape for lakefront property in Vineyard, Utah—on the site of a former U.S. Steel Geneva Works facility.

August 31 - Daily Herald

A line of cars wait at the drive-thru window of a starbucks.

More Cities Ponder the End of Drive-Thrus

Drive-thru fast food restaurants might be a staple of American life, but several U.S. cities are actively considering prohibiting the development of new drive-thrus for the benefit of traffic safety, air quality, and congestion.

August 31 - The Denver Post

Air pollution is visible in the air around high-rise buildings in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Air Pollution World’s Worst Public Health Threat, Report Says

Air pollution is more likely to take years life off the lifespan of the average human than any other external factor, according to a recent report out of the University of Chicago.

August 31 - Phys.org